Johannes Vermeer has fascinated a growing number of 21st century viewers with his most intimate depictions of the nature of human existence. The formal perfection of his compositions and the precision of his painting technique, expressing his fantastic narrative ability and accurate realism, have become a quintessential characteristic of the Dutch Golden Age of painting. Nearly 400 years later, Vermeer is still celebrated for his incomparable sense of timelessness, human dignity and unprecedented talent for creating luminosity and purity of color in his scenes.

Although his paintings may seem superficially simple at first, people still identify with the handful of themes from everyday life he covered. He was a highly respected artist of his time, but by the end of the 17th century, Vermeer had mostly faded into obscurity, which is why not much is known about the man he was or how he became in artist. His life as a family father, as an artist and as a man living in the 17th century Delft has been reconstructed with the help of notary documents, but plenty of aspects about his life remain unknown.

Though he was a renowned artist in his hometown during his life, Vermeer died impoverished, and after his death, he was quickly forgotten. In fact, throughout the 18th century, some of his paintings were even attributed to some of his more productive contemporaries. The revival of Vermeer’s reputation did not begin until the 19th century, when art historians started to recognize the extraordinary quality of his surviving works. Once Vermeer's paintings were rediscovered and became appreciated around the world, his artistic genius became clear, and his paintings were compared with the new art of photography. The mystique of the paintings he produced by using the most expensive pigments (such as ultramarine) and the technique of painting with an optical device known as a camera obscura made Vermeer an art pioneer, and it helped distinguish his work from those of his peers.