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Poème sur le désastre de Lisbonne (Prometheus Classics)

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Le 1er Novembre 1755, un séisme de magnitude 8.5 à 8.7 sur l'échelle de Richter détruit quatre-vingts cinq pour cent de Lisbonne. Le monde européen est effaré. Un siècle plus tard, des philosophes comme Hegel en parlent encore. Adorno compare l'effet du tremblement de terre de Lisbonne sur les consciences européennes à l'holocauste. C'est en 1756 que Voltaire écrit son Poème sur le désastre de Lisbonne. Règlement de comptes avec Dieu, coupure du nœud gordien qui tient l'homme à la Providence, rupture définitive avec l'âge classique et début de l'ère " pré-moderne " où l'homme, n'ayant plus rien à attendre de Dieu, se consacre à la maîtrise de son destin ? Toutes ces questions se posent. Rousseau répondra au poème de Voltaire dans une " Lettre sur la Providence " dont nous parlons longuement dans notre préface. Du poème naîtra en 1759 Candide et la fin de l'optimisme.



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