Typee is Herman Melville's first book, recounting his experiences after having jumped ship in the Marquesas Islands in 1842, and becoming a captive of a cannibal island tribe. It was an immediate success in America and England, and was Melville's most popular work during his lifetime. It was not until the end of the 1930's that it was surpassed in popularity by Moby Dick, more than thirty years after his death. The story provoked harsh criticism for its condemnation of missionary efforts in the Pacific Islands. Many sought to discredit the book, claiming that it was a work of fiction, but this criticism ended when the events it described were corroborated by Melville's fellow castaway, Richard T. Greene, who appears in the story as the character Toby
Typee is Herman Melville's first book, recounting his experiences after having jumped ship in the Marquesas Islands in 1842, and becoming a captive of a cannibal island tribe. It was an immediate success in America and England, and was Melville's most popular work during his lifetime. It was not until the end of the 1930's that it was surpassed in popularity by Moby Dick, more than thirty years after his death. The story provoked harsh criticism for its condemnation of missionary efforts in the Pacific Islands. Many sought to discredit the book, claiming that it was a work of fiction, but this criticism ended when the events it described were corroborated by Melville's fellow castaway, Richard T. Greene, who appears in the story as the character Toby
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Victor Hugo (Besançon, 1802-París, 1885) es quizá el escritor más representativo de las letras francesas del siglo xix. De vocación temprana, comenzó su andadura literaria con Odas y poesías diversas (1822), su primera obra poética. Muy pronto fue considerado el jefe de las filas del Romanticismo francés y sus obras encontraron un reconocimiento generalizado debido, fundamentalmente, al virtuosismo de su prosa y a la elección de unos argumentos en los que se entremezclan a la perfección lo misterioso y sobrenatural con la denuncia social más inteligente y certera. Entre sus obras más destacadas se encuentran Las orientales (1829), Nuestra señora de París (1830), Ruy Blas (1838), Los miserables (1862) o Los trabajadores del mar (1866), además de un buen número de obras teatrales, poemas, ensayos históricos y discursos políticos. Victor Hugo murió el 22 de mayo de 1885 a causa de una pulmonía. Su ataúd permaneció durante varios días bajo el arco del triunfo, donde se dice que fue visitado por cerca de tres millones de personas.
