Winner of the Yad Vashem International Book Book Prize for Holocaust Research
âA substantive contribution to the history of ethnic strife and extreme violenceâ (The Wall Street Journal) and a cautionary examination of how genocide can take root at the local levelâturning neighbors, friends, and family against one anotherâas seen through the eastern European border town of Buczacz during World War II.
For more than four hundred years, the Eastern European border town of Buczaczâtoday part of Ukraineâwas home to a highly diverse citizenry. It was here that Poles, Ukrainians, and Jews all lived side by side in relative harmony. Then came World War II, and three years later the entire Jewish population had been murdered by German and Ukrainian police, while Ukrainian nationalists eradicated Polish residents. In truth, though, this genocide didnât happen so quickly.
In Anatomy of a Genocide, Omer Bartov explains that ethnic cleansing doesnât occur as is so often portrayed in popular history, with the quick ascent of a vitriolic political leader and the unleashing of military might. It begins in seeming peace, slowly and often unnoticed, the culmination of pent-up slights and grudges and indignities. The perpetrators arenât just sociopathic soldiers. They are neighbors and friends and family. They are also middle-aged men who come from elsewhere, often with their wives and children and parents, and settle into a life of bourgeois comfort peppered with bouts of mass murder.
For more than two decades Bartov, whose mother was raised in Buczacz, traveled extensively throughout the region, scouring archives and amassing thousands of documents rarely seen until now. He has also made use of hundreds of first-person testimonies by victims, perpetrators, collaborators, and rescuers. Anatomy of a Genocide profoundly changes our understanding of the social dynamics of mass killing and the nature of the Holocaust as a whole. Bartovâs book isnât just an attempt to understand what happened in the past. Itâs a warning of how it could happen again, in our own towns and citiesâmuch more easily than we might think.