This book presents a collection of research papers on applying omics sciences in crop characterization and breeding, focusing on Proteomics, Phenomics, and Microbiomics. Within the pages of this book, you will discover valuable contributions related to various aspects of plant biology. These include molecular modeling of proteins in plants, monitoring crops to extract relevant information about their growth, characterization of soils to identify heavy metal contamination, and exploring soil remediation methods that utilize microorganisms to promote plant growth. The genesis of this book is rooted in the Ómicas Research Alliance, a prominent player in the field of Food Science within the Colombian Scientific Ecosystem program. It compiles research experiences from alliance members and institutions worldwide, addressing universal challenges in Food Security and the Sustainable Productivity of Food Systems. This book aims to communicate the latest results and impacts derived from the application of omics sciences and technologies to optimize agricultural food production systems globally. By presenting these research papers, this book seeks to advance knowledge in plant sciences and omics technologies, ultimately fostering a more secure and sustainable food production system for Colombia and beyond.