Chester Alan Arthur, surely our unlikeliest president, may have been saved from complete obscurity only by the mutton-chop whiskers that stand out among the full-bearded visages of late-nineteenth-century presidents. But as this highly readable portrait of Arthur and his age reveals, dutyâs unexpected call turned the quintessential patronage politician into a statesman who skillfully guided Americaâs first steps on the road to becoming a world power.
No one is likely to follow Arthurâs path to the White House again. A product of the spoils system that once governed the federal civil service, Arthur had been rewarded for his loyalty to the Republican machine with the most lucrative patronage position in the countryâcustoms collector of the Port of New York. In 1880, having never held elective office, he was chosen as James Garfieldâs running mate in a bid to heal a factional rift in the party. When Garfieldâs death from an assassinâs bullet early in his term made Arthur president, dismayed observers expected the worst.
Instead, this âaccidentalâ president rose to an unexpected level of principle and accomplishment and led his country to the threshold of greatness. In John Paffordâs absorbing study, youâll learn:
Why the wounded President Garfieldâs incapacity sent Vice President Arthur and the U.S. government into uncharted constitutional waters Why a president who owed his career to the patronage system championed civil service reform and remade the federal government How Arthurâs far-sighted determination to rebuild Americaâs shriveled navy changed the course of U.S. history Why massive immigration from Asia inflamed American politics and how Arthur used his veto power to moderate Congressâs response How dramatic developments in the 1880s in theology, science, economics, and political philosophy set the stage for sweeping cultural change in America
Only fifteen years after the United States emerged from the rubble of civil war, Chester Arthurâto all appearances the embodiment of unreformed machine politicsâemerged from obscurity to lead the nation through one of the most dynamic stretches of its history. And though his career was cut short by a fatal disease diagnosed after his first year in office, his quiet prudence and devotion to duty earned him the respect of his contemporaries and an honored place among American presidents.