This revelatory account of the ways silver shaped Chinese history shows how an obsession with âwhite metalâ held China back from financial modernization. First used as currency during the Song dynasty in around 900 CE, silver gradually became central to Chinaâs economic framework and was officially monetized in the middle of the Ming dynasty during the sixteenth century. However, due to the early adoption of paper money in China, silver was not formed into coins but became a cumbersome âweighing currency,â for which ingots had to be constantly examined for weight and purityâan unwieldy practice that lasted for centuries. While Chinaâs interest in silver spurred new avenues of trade and helped increase the countryâs global economic footprint, Jin Xu argues that, in the long run, silver played a key role in the struggles and entanglements that led to the decline of the Chinese empire.