The Southern democracies India, Brazil, and South Africa (IBSA) are playing an increasingly decisive role in international politics. Thus, their attitude towards the Responsibility to Protect (R2P) matters a lot for the concept and its further development. Dealing with the positions of the three emerging powers from the Global South also contributes to a better understanding of their perceptions, their world views, and their foreign policies. This volume takes a critical look at the IBSA countries’ stances on R2P and its corresponding norms and principles. It questions common explanations, reveals often existing tensions between rhetoric and practice, and tries to correct false perceptions in Western discourses.