Morris Jastrow's The Religion of Babylonia and Assyria is a foundational study of Mesopotamian belief, tracing the development of gods, myths, ritual practices, temple institutions, divination, and ethical ideas from early Babylonian culture through Assyrian adaptation. Written in the lucid, comparative style of late nineteenth-century Semitic scholarship, the work situates cuneiform discoveries within the broader history of ancient Near Eastern religion, showing how local cults, political power, and theological speculation shaped a complex sacred world. Jastrow, a distinguished American Orientalist and professor at the University of Pennsylvania, was among the scholars who helped bring Assyriology into wider academic and public discussion. His training in Semitic languages, his engagement with newly translated inscriptions, and his interest in the relation between religion and civilization all inform the book's method. He writes as a philologist, historian, and interpreter of culture. This volume is recommended to readers seeking a learned introduction to Mesopotamian religion and to the intellectual history of early Assyriology. Though some conclusions reflect its era, the book remains valuable for its synthesis, clarity, and enduring scholarly ambition.

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